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Headache & Migraine Medications
(listed alphabetically)

I-K

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Ibuprofen 
  • OTC, NSAID
  • forms available: tablets, capsules, liqui-gels, liquid
  • approved for children
  • sometimes effective for menstrual migraine
  • action too short for many migraines
  • used for mild to moderate migraine, tension, menstrual headache and intractable migraine
  • should be taken at first indication of headache
  • major potential for rebound headache, should generally not be used for more than three days consecutively
  • significant risk of GI and kidney side effects
  • contraindicated in those with GI or kidney disorders or risks
  • It is not known whether ibuprofen will harm an unborn baby. Ibuprofen should not be taken late in pregnancy (the third trimester) because a similar drug is known to affect the baby's heart. Do not take ibuprofen without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant.
  • Ibuprofen passes into breast milk in very small amounts, however it is not expected to harm a nursing baby. Talk to your doctor before taking ibuprofen if you are breast-feeding.
  • Potential side effects:
    • Discontinue and contact your doctor immediately if you experience an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of your throat; swelling of your lips, tongue, or face; or hives); muscle cramps, numbness, or tingling; mouth ulcers; rapid weight gain (fluid retention); seizures; black, bloody, or tarry stools; blood in your urine or vomit; decreased hearing or ringing in the ears; jaundice; or abdominal cramping, indigestion, or heartburn.
    • Continue, but talk to your doctor if you experience dizziness or headache; nausea, gaseousness, diarrhea, or constipation; depression; fatigue or weakness; dry mouth; or irregular menstrual periods.

Imitrex / Imigran (Sumatriptan)   
  • Rx, abortive, triptan
  • Brand names: Imitrex in U.S. and Canada, Imigran in Great Britain 
  • forms available: tablets, injections, nasal spray. Nasal spray may not be as effective if nasal passages are congested.
  • Be sure to tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially: Angina (chest pain), fast or irregular heartbeat, heart or blood vessel disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease, liver disease, or stroke (history of)--The chance of side effects may be increased. Heart or blood vessel disease and high blood pressure sometimes do not cause any symptoms, so some people do not know that they have these problems. Before deciding whether you should use sumatriptan, your doctor may need to do some tests to make sure that you do not have any of these conditions. 

  • Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medications, especially Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (furazolidone [e.g., Furoxone]; isocarboxazid [e.g., Marplan], phenelzine [e.g., Nardil], procarbazine [e.g., Matulane], selegiline [e.g., Eldepryl], tranylcypromine [e.g., Parnate])--Taking sumatriptan while you are taking or within 2 weeks of taking MAO inhibitors may cause sudden high body temperature, extremely high blood pressure and severe convulsions; at least 14 days should be allowed between stopping treatment with one medicine and starting treatment with the other.

  • Sumatriptan is in the FDA pregnancy category C. This means that it is not known whether sumatriptan will harm an unborn baby. Do not take this medication without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant or could become pregnant during treatment.

  • Sumatriptan passes into breast milk and may affect a nursing infant. Do not take sumatriptan without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

  • Potential side effects: 

    • Discontinue use and contact your physician immediately if you experience: chest pain (severe); changes in skin color on face; convulsions (seizures); fast or irregular breathing; puffiness or swelling of eyelids, area around the eyes, face, or lips; shortness of breath, troubled breathing, or wheezing.

    • Contact your physician immediately if you experience any of the following for more than an hour. If you experience these symptoms for less than an hour, contact your physician before using sumatriptan again: chest pain (mild); heaviness, tightness, or pressure in chest and/or neck, difficulty in swallowing; pounding heartbeat; skin rash, hives, itching, or bumps on skin

    • The following side effects generally do not need medical attention, but should be discussed with your physician if they continue or are bothersome: burning, discharge, pain, and/or soreness in the nose; burning, pain, or redness at place of injection; change in sense of taste; discomfort in jaw, mouth, tongue, throat, nose, or sinuses; dizziness; drowsiness; feeling of burning, warmth, heat, numbness, tightness, or tingling; feeling cold, ``strange,'' or weak; flushing; lightheadedness; muscle aches, cramps, or stiffness; nausea or vomiting; anxiety; general feeling of illness or tiredness; vision changes


Inderal
  • See Propranolol

Indocin (indomethacin)   
  • Rx, NSAID
  • Brand names (U.S.): Indocin, Indocin SR (sustained release)
  • Brand names (Canada): Apo-Indomethacin, Indocid, Indocid SR (sustained release), Novo-Methacin, Nu-Indo
  • Be sure to tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially if you have an allergy to aspirin or any other NSAIDs, have an ulcer or bleeding in your stomach, drink more than three alcoholic beverages a day, have liver or kidney disease, have a bleeding disorder, have congestive heart failure, have fluid retention, have heart disease, or have high blood pressure.

  • Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medications, especially other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); aspirin and other salicylates (forms of aspirin); diuretics; anticoagulants; steroids; alcohol; oral antidiabetic drugs such as glipizide (Glucotrol) and glyburide (Micronase, Diabeta); lithium; cyclosporine; or bismuth subsalicylate in drugs such as Pepto-Bismol.

    • Indomethacin can also decrease the effects of other drugs, such as ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers.
  • It is not known whether indomethacin taken early in pregnancy will harm an unborn baby. Indomethacin must not be taken late in pregnancy (the third trimester) because it can affect the baby's heart. Do not take indomethacin without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant.
  • Indomethacin passes into breast milk. Do not take indomethacin without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
  • Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight. Indomethacin may increase the sensitivity of your skin to sunlight. Use a sunscreen and wear protective clothing when exposure to the sun is unavoidable.
  • If you drink more than three alcoholic beverages a day, indomethacin may increase the risk of stomach bleeding.
  • Potential side effects: 

    • Discontinue use and contact your physician immediately if you experience: an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of your throat; swelling of your lips, tongue, or face; or hives); muscle cramps, numbness, or tingling; mouth ulcers; rapid weight gain (fluid retention); seizures; black, bloody, or tarry stools; blood in your urine or vomit; decreased hearing or ringing in the ears; jaundice; or abdominal cramping, indigestion, or heartburn.

    • Continue, but talk to your doctor if you experience dizziness or headache; nausea, gaseousness, diarrhea, or constipation; depression; fatigue or weakness; dry mouth; or irregular menstrual periods.
       

Keppra (levetiracetam)   
  • Rx, anticonvulsant, sometimes used for Migraine prevention
  • Brand names (U.S.): Indocin, Indocin SR (sustained release)
  • Brand names (Canada): Apo-Indomethacin, Indocid, Indocid SR (sustained release), Novo-Methacin, Nu-Indo
  • Be sure to tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially kidney disease.

  • Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medications, especially antidepressants, alcohol, antihistamines, sedatives (used to treat insomnia), pain relievers, anxiety medicines, and muscle relaxants. Dangerous sedation, dizziness, or drowsiness may occur.

  • FDA pregnancy category C. This means that it is not known whether levetiracetam will harm an unborn baby. Do not take this medication without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant.
  • It is not known whether levetiracetam passes into breast milk. Do not take levetiracetam without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
  • Levetiracetam is not approved for use by children younger than 16 years of age.
  • Potential side effects: 

    • Discontinue use and contact your physician immediately if you experience: an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of your throat; swelling of your lips, tongue, or face; or hives); psychosis; or hallucinations.

    • Continue, but talk to your doctor if you experience dizziness; drowsiness; weakness or a loss of strength; poor coordination or difficulty walking; or changes in behavior or mood (agitation, hostility, anxiety, apathy, or depression).
  • more info
  • FDA approved prescribing information
     

Material on this page is for informational purposes only,
and should not be construed as medical advice.
Always consult your physician or pharmacist regarding medications.

 

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